Hong Kong International Aviation Academy 香港國際航空學院

12/03/2026

【 #機長廣播：當飛機遇上行雷閃電⚡️】

正如之前提到，惡劣天氣可能會擾亂飛行運作。今次就與大家分享雷電擊中飛機會造成甚麼影響。

一般情況下，機師在飛行途中會根據氣象雷達避免進入雷陣雨區域，以確保航班安全。但是天氣變幻莫測，萬一遭遇雷電擊中，飛機仍然能夠安全地繼續飛行，對機上人員和設備的影響非常微小，乘客可能只會聽到巨響而已。

這是由於飛機的機身由金屬導電材料製成，形成「法拉第籠」效應（Faraday Cage），令電流僅在機身外部流動，而封閉的機身內部不受影響。因為當雷電擊中飛機的機鼻、機翼或機尾等表面時，電流會沿著金屬機身流動，並通過機翼和機尾末端安裝的尖細靜電「放電刷」釋放多餘的電荷。此外，飛機的電力系統和油箱都經過特殊設計，能夠承受雷電直接擊中，進一步確保飛行安全。

機長提提你：雖然飛機能夠承受雷電的衝擊，但雷電擊中機身時，仍可能會造成洞口或裂縫。所以當飛機降落後，機師會立即向飛機工程人員報告，以便進行進一步的檢查和維修。

【 : When aircraft meets lightning⚡️ 】

As mentioned previously, severe weather can disrupt flight operations. But what impact does a lightning strike have on an aeroplane?

In general, pilots use weather radar to avoid entering thunderstorm areas to ensure safety. However, weather can be unpredictable, and if an aircraft unexpectedly encounters a lightning strike, it can still continue flying safely, with minimal impact on passengers and equipment—passengers might only hear a loud bang.

This is because the aircraft's fuselage is made of conductive metal, creating a Faraday Cage effect that allows electrical currents to flow only along the exterior of the fuselage, leaving the enclosed interior unaffected. When lightning strikes aircraft surfaces such as the nose dome, wings, or tail, the current flows along the metal fuselage and is discharged through static dischargers installed at the wingtips and tail. Additionally, the aircraft's electrical systems and fuel tanks are specially designed to withstand direct lightning strikes, further ensuring flight safety.

Captain's Reminder: When lightning strikes the aircraft's fuselage, it may cause holes or cracks. After landing, the pilot will immediately report this to the ground engineering crew for inspection and maintenance.

#香港國際航空學院 #機長廣播 #機長 #機師 #閃電 #法拉第籠

04/03/2026

【 – Q for QNH】✈️

飛機在不同國家、不同天氣下升降，機師是如何確保高度錶（Altimeter）顯示正確的海拔高度？秘密就在這組由控制塔發出的神秘代碼——「QNH」！

🔍甚麼是 QNH？

QNH 是一個無線電通訊的 Q 代碼，代表「修正海平面氣壓」。由於大氣壓力會隨時間、天氣和地域而改變，單純測量壓力無法直接換算成統一的高度。當機師在高度錶的顯示窗輸入當地機場提供的 QNH 數值（例如 1013 百帕(hPa) 是壓力的測量單位），高度錶便會顯示飛機相對於「平均海平面」（Mean Sea Level, MSL）的高度。

💡為甚麼它如此重要？

氣壓的變化就像隱形的陷阱。如果機師從高氣壓區飛往低氣壓區，而沒有調整 QNH，高度錶顯示的高度會比實際高度「高」（即飛機實際位置比儀表顯示的更貼近地面），這在能見度低或靠近山脈飛行時極其危險！因此，在起飛和降落階段，獲取並調整最新的 QNH 是機師的必要程序，確保飛機與地面障礙物保持正確的安全距離。

想了解更多飛行術語背後的安全意義？緊貼我們 ，為你拆解更多航空奧秘！

【 - Q for QNH】✈️

When taking off and landing in different countries and weather conditions, how do pilots ensure their altimeter reads the correct altitude? The secret lies in a mysterious code transmitted from the control tower—"QNH"!

🔍What is QNH?

QNH is a Q-code that stands for atmospheric pressure adjusted to mean sea level. Since air pressure fluctuates with time, weather, and location, simply measuring pressure isn't enough for a uniform altitude readings. When pilots set the local QNH value (e.g., 1013 hPa, hPa is a measurement unit of pressure) provided by the airport into the altimeter's subscale, the instrument displays the aircraft's altitude above Mean Sea Level (MSL).

💡Why is it so critical?

Changes in air pressure can create invisible traps. If a pilot flies from a high-pressure area to a low-pressure area without updating the QNH, the altimeter will read "higher" than the aircraft’s actual attitude (meaning the plane is closer to the ground than the pilot thinks). This can be extremely dangerous, especially in low visibility or near mountains! Therefore, obtaining and setting the current QNH is a mandatory procedure during takeoff and landing to ensure safe vertical clearance from obstacles.

Want to decode more aviation terminology and safety procedures? Follow us for more aviation insights with !

#香港國際航空學院 #航空知識 #航空學院 #機場設施 #機場解密 #高度錶

26/02/2026

【 – P for Pitot Tube】✈️

飛機在三萬呎高空飛行，四周都是雲海，機師是如何準確知道飛機的飛行速度？答案就藏在機頭兩側，幾根毫不起眼的小管子裡—這就是「P for Pitot Tube」（皮托管）！

🔍 什麼是 Pitot Tube？

皮托管是一種感應氣流壓力的裝置。當飛機向前飛行時，氣流會進入管口產生「總壓」（Total Pressure），系統再透過對比「靜壓」（Static Pressure），就能計算出飛機相對於空氣的速度（Indicated Airspeed）。

💡 為甚麼它如此重要？

對機師來說，空速是重要的資訊。因為不論是起飛時的拉起速度、飛行安全、油耗與時間等，都全賴這根小管子提供的數據。如果皮托管因為結冰或小昆蟲阻塞而失靈，機師就會失去準確的空速資訊，對飛行安全構成重大威脅。因此，在地面停泊時，你常會看到機組人員為「皮托管」套上鮮紅色的保護罩（Pitot Cover），並掛上「Remove Before Flight」的標誌！

想知道更多守護飛行安全的小零件？緊貼我們 ，為你拆解更多航空奧秘！

【 - P for Pitot Tube】✈️

When an aircraft is cruising at 30,000 feet, surrounded by clouds, how do pilots know exactly how fast they are going? The secret lies in those small, unnoticed tubes extending from the fuselage—the Pitot Tube!

🔍 What is a Pitot Tube?
A Pitot tube is a pressure-measuring instrument used to determine fluid flow velocity. As the plane moves forward, air enters the tube, creating "Total Pressure". By comparing this with the "Static Pressure" from other sensors, the aircraft's system can calculate the Indicated Airspeed (IAS).

💡 Why is it so critical?
Airspeed is crucial information for any pilot. From determining takeoff rotation speed and flight times to fuel consumption, every phase of flight relies on accurate data from the Pitot tube. If these tubes become blocked—whether by ice or small insects inside—the airspeed readings can become unreliable, posing a serious safety risk. This is why you often see bright red “Pitot Covers" with "Remove Before Flight" streamers protecting the Pitot Tube while the aircraft is parked on the ground!

Want to learn more about the small components that ensure big safety? Follow us for more aviation insights with !

#香港國際航空學院 #航空知識 #航空學院 #機場設施 #機場解密 #皮托管 #空速

26/02/2026

航空學院很高興透過全新的「國際民航組織成員培訓套件（Member ICAO Training Package, M-ITP）」為國際民用航空組織成員國及整個航空業作出貢獻。

這個培訓計劃名為「國際民航組織 (ICAO) 基於勝任能力的培訓課程初步評估」，將於今年十月在香港舉行。

歡迎與我們聯絡，以了解更多有關此課程、其他ICAO課程，以及航空學院於旗下五個培訓中心所提供的多元化課程及培訓計劃。

瀏覽 航空學院：https://bit.ly/3N3nOVc

HKIAA is pleased to contribute to International Civil Aviation Organization members and the aviation industry at large with this new Member ICAO Training Package.

This particular training package titled “Conducting a cursory review of competency-based training course materials” is available in Hong Kong this October.

Contact us to learn more about this and other ICAO courses, as well as the full range of programmes and courses offered at HKIAA’s five Training Centres.

Visit HKIAA: https://bit.ly/3N3nOVc

🛫 The Hong Kong International Aviation Academy 香港國際航空學院 (HKIAA) is contributing to ICAO's global training ecosystem, while also strengthening its own in-house expertise.

Recently, HKIAA developed and launched a new Member ICAO Training Package titled "Conducting a cursory review of competency-based training course materials," while also qualifying two new ICAO Qualified Course Developers.

This initiative strengthens internal expertise and supports the broader aviation community by promoting shared standards, consistent review practices, and high-quality, competency-based training globally.

🔗 Read the full article to learn more: https://unitingaviation.com/news/capacity-implementation/when-we-launched-this-icao-training-package-we-gained-two-course-developers/

🌐 Visit HKIAA: https://www.hkiaacademy.com/en/

25/02/2026

【香港國際航空學院歡迎財政預算案支持培育航空業人員】

香港國際航空學院（航空學院）歡迎財政司司長於二零二六至二七年度《財政預算案》中，繼續培訓航空業人員。

學院今年將與香港中文大學合辦全新的航空管理碩士課程。學院亦與法國領先航空服務公司Elior Group合作成立航空工程培訓中心，即將推出一系列專業培訓課程，涵蓋飛機維修、飛機部件處理和認證。

作為香港首間民航學院，一直秉持支持香港、內地及鄰近區域航空業可持續發展的使命，協助區內航空業培訓人才，因此學院不斷擴充及豐富課程內容。

【HKIAA Welcomes the Financial Secretary’s Support to Nurture Aviation Talents】

The Hong Kong International Aviation Academy (HKIAA) welcomes the Financial Secretary’s Budget 2026/27 which supports the training of both serving and newly recruited aviation personnel.

The HKIAA will, in partnership with the Chinese University of Hong Kong, launch a new Master of Science in Aviation Management programme later this year. The HKIAA has also recently launched an Aircraft Engineering Training Centre in collaboration with the Elior Group Derichebourg Services, offering a range of professional training courses on aircraft maintenance, aircraft parts processing and certification.

As the first civil aviation academy in Hong Kong, the HKIAA continues to embrace its mission of nurturing young talent and providing career advancement opportunities for the continuous development of the aviation industry in the city and the region.

#香港國際航空學院 #航空 #航空業

24/02/2026

【 #機長廣播: ❄️如何減少冰雪對飛機造成的影響2.0✈️】

上回提到機師在起飛前遇上結冰落雪的情況會怎樣應對，今次我們分享一下機師在飛行途中遇上結冰情況又會怎樣處理？

雖然起飛前會進行除冰防冰程序，但飛行過程中如遇到低溫環境，機身亦有機會結冰。飛機的機翼、水平尾翼、機頭、以及飛機表面的凸出物之前緣均有機會結冰，如果未能及時防範或除去這些冰塊，隨時會對飛行構成威脅。

所以飛機配備了防止結冰裝置，飛機的主翼前緣和發動機引擎罩是最容易結冰的地方，因此這些部位設有防冰裝置，裝置是將高溫高壓的引氣（Bleed Air）導入，提升這些部位的溫度，從而防止結冰。

機長提提你：如果出行遇到大風雪，航班會有可能受影響，記得留意航班最新消息！

【 : ❄️How Pilots Minimise the Effects of Ice and Snow on aeroplanes 2.0✈️】

Last time, we shared how pilots respond to icing conditions during take-off. This time, let’s share how pilots handle icing situations during flight.

Although de-icing and anti-icing procedures are performed before take-off, the aircraft can still accumulate ice in low-temperature environments during flight. Icing can occur on the aircraft's wings, horizontal stabilisers, aircraft’s nose, and any protrusions on the aircraft's surface. If these ice formations are not promptly prevented or removed, they can pose a threat to flight safety.

To address this, aircraft are equipped with anti-icing devices. The leading edges of the main wings and the engine cowlings are the areas most susceptible to icing. Therefore, these parts are fitted with anti-icing systems that direct high-temperature, high-pressure bleed air into them, raising their temperature and preventing ice formation.

Captain's Reminder: If you encounter heavy snow and strong winds during your travels, your flight may be affected. Remember to stay updated on the latest flight information!

#香港國際航空學院 #機長廣播 #機長 #機師 #風雪

16/02/2026

【赤馬奔騰開錦繡，紅梅點綴賀新春🧨】

馬年到，新年好！航空學院送上誠摯的新春祝福。願你馬年馬到功成、龍馬精神、一馬當先！✈️🐎

Happy Lunar New Year! HKIAA wishes you a fantastic Year of the Horse filled with abundant prosperity, excellent health, and great joy. May this year bring you the momentum for new successes, rewarding opportunities and prosperous journeys ahead. Kung Hei Fat Choy!

#香港國際航空學院 #馬年快樂

11/02/2026

【尋路記 – 專業「航」道由這裡開始 📍 航空營運文憑課程最後召集！】

香港國際航空學院的「航空營運文憑」助你輕鬆轉換「航」道 。課程為有志投身航空業的你而設，透過理論與實踐結合的模式，幫助你在短時間內掌握專業技術及經驗，並為你奠定穩健的「航」業基礎。

課程以1個月的理論課程＋12個月的有薪實習模式進行，學習同時賺取穩定收入。學員選擇適合自己興趣或專長的實習崗位，實習範疇涵蓋飛機工程、地勤服務、停機坪運作、貨運、配餐、保安及航空發展，讓學員能夠深入了解航空業的不同領域。

完成課程後，學員將獲頒資歷架構第 3 級認可文憑。如想繼續學院亦有完善的進修階梯，讓學員在5年內取得學士學位，實現在學術進修與職場晉升的雙重目標。

把握機會，由此開啟你的事業「航」道！

🔗想了解更多？立即登記參加網上簡介會：https://bit.ly/4jQyxhT
🔗課程傳送門：https://bit.ly/4r5HV3z

【Chart Your Course📍 Your Professional "Aviation" Journey Starts Here - Diploma in Aviation Operations Final Call!】

The HKIAA’ s Diploma in Aviation Operation (DAO) helps you easily transition into the "Aviation" field. This programme is designed for those aspiring to enter the aviation industry, combining theory and with practical experience to help you master professional skills in a short time, laying a solid foundation for your career in aviation.

The programme consists of 1 month of theoretical classes plus 12 months of paid internships, allowing you to earn a stable income while learning. Students can choose internship positions that match their interests or expertise, covering areas such as aircraft engineering, ground services, ramp operations, cargo handling, catering, security, and aviation development, providing a deep understanding of different sectors within the aviation industry.

Upon completing the programme, students will receive a diploma recognized at Qualifications Framework Level 3 (QF3). Additionally, our comprehensive study path enables students to pursue ongoing development, allowing you to obtain a bachelor's degree within 5 years and achieve both academic advancement and career progression.

Seize the opportunity and launch your aviation career today!

🔗Ready to take off? Join our online info session to find out more: https://bit.ly/4baOjC2
🔗Programme information: https://bit.ly/49OlOro

資歷名冊登記號碼 Qualifications Register (QR) number: 20/000009/L3
資歷名冊登記有效日期 Qualifications Register (QR) number validity: 12/12/2019 – 31/07/2026
本課程為「擴展的免入息審查貸款計劃」合資格課程 This course is an eligible course under the Extended Non-means-tested Loan Scheme

#香港國際航空學院 #航空 #航空業 #航空營運文憑 #工作實習 #航空工作 #機場 #機場工作 #升學 #揾工

06/02/2026

【 – O for Off-block & On-block Time】✈️

經常在航機指示牌上看到航班預計登機時間和預計抵港時間，究竟航空界是怎樣衡量航班準時與否？其實不只是看輪胎離開跑道的一刻，而是更看重「Block Time」（輪檔時間）！今日 系列為大家拆解兩個關鍵術語：Off-block Time 與 On-block Time。

🕘 Off-block Time - 離位時間：當飛機準備就緒，機艙門關閉，移走阻礙輪胎移動的「輪檔」（Chocks），並釋放停機煞車的一刻，就是 Off-block Time。這代表飛機已經準備就緒可以由飛機牽引車後推（Pushback）或滑行離開停機位。

🕒 On-block Time - 到位時間：當飛機完成航程，滑行至停機位完全停妥，並重新放上「輪檔」的一刻，就是 On-block Time。這標誌著該段飛行任務完結。

這兩個時間點之間的差距，就是所謂的「Block-to-Block」時間，也是航空公司計算機組人員工時、飛機燃油消耗以及航道效率的重要依據。對乘客而言，這也直接影響到你看到的「準時率」！

想知道更多航空冷知識，或機場運作背後的秘密？記得緊貼我們 ！

【 - O for Off-block & On-block Time】✈️

Flight information boards often display estimated boarding and arrival times. How does the aviation world truly assess the punctuality of a flight? It is not solely determined by the moment the wheels leave the runway. It’s all about "Block Time"! Today’s series explores two essential terms: Off-block Time and On-block Time.

🕘 Off-block Time： This is the moment when an aircraft is ready to depart, the doors are closed, and the "chocks" (blocks used to prevent the wheels from moving) are removed. It marks that the flight is ready, and the aircraft is moving with the aircraft tractor pushing back or taxing from its parking stand.

🕒 On-block Time： This occurs when the aircraft arrives at its destination stand, comes to a complete stop, and the wheel chocks are once again put in place. This signals the official finishing of the flight mission.

The duration between these two points is known as "Block-to-Block" time. It is a vital metric for airlines to calculate crew duty periods, fuel consumption, and operational efficiency. For passengers, these are the key moments that determine if your flight is "on time"!

Follow us for more aviation insights and airport updates with !

#香港國際航空學院 #航空知識 #航空學院 #機場設施 #機場解密 #航空術語

04/02/2026

【 #機長廣播: ❄️如何減少冰雪對飛機造成的影響✈️】

香港人最喜歡的旅遊目的地日本、韓國、歐洲等地，冬天都會落雪。為了減少冰雪對飛機表面、起飛和飛行操作的影響 ，機師在風雪和零度以下的環境中飛行前，遵循相應的除冰雪（De-ice）或防冰雪（Anti-ice）程序，以確保飛行安全。

機師會在起飛前進行例行檢查，檢查機身及機翼是否有結冰情況，引擎外殼、引擎扇葉、機身的速度及高度測量設備（皮托管和靜壓管）等，如果上述部份出現結冰情況都會影響飛機無法正常飛行，因此機師會根據實際情況判斷是否需要進行除冰雪或防冰雪處理，又或兩者都需要。除冰雪與防冰雪程序可分為兩個部分：

除冰雪：地勤人員會向機身直接噴灑加熱的橙色（Type I）除冰雪液溶劑，完成後約10分鐘內冰層將會溶化，並提供短期的防冰雪效果。

防冰雪：地勤人員會根據不同需求使用黃色、亮黃色或綠色（Type II/III/IV）的防冰雪液灑向機身，完成後飛機可以有最長2小時的防冰雪保護。

機長提提你：下次再飛往「冰雪」之地時，候機時可以觀察一下是否相對應的除／防冰雪措施。

【 : ❄️How Pilots Minimise the Effects of Ice and Snow on aeroplanes ✈️】

Popular winter travel destinations such as Japan, South Korea, and Europe often experience snowfall. To minimise the impact of ice and snow on aircraft surfaces and wings, take-off, and flight operations, pilots will follow appropriate de-icing or anti-icing procedures before flying in snowy conditions and environments below freezing to ensure flight safety.

Before take-off, pilots conduct a walk-around inspection to check for any signs of icing on the aircraft, particularly on the wings, engines, fan blades, and external speed and altitude measuring equipment (Pitot Tube and Static Probe). The presence of ice can hinder the aircraft’s ability to fly normally. Thus, pilots will assess the actual conditions to determine whether de-icing or anti-icing treatment is necessary, or even both. The de-icing and anti-icing procedures can be divided into two parts:

De-icing: Ground staff will spray heated orange (Type I) de-icing agent directly onto the aircraft. This process melts the ice layer within about 10 minutes and provides short-term anti-icing protection.

Anti-icing: Yellow, bright yellow or green (Type II/III/IV) anti-icing agent is then sprayed onto the aircraft, offering up to 2 hours of anti-icing protection depending on requirements.

Captain's Reminder: Next time you’re at the airport, take a moment to observe whether there are appropriate de-icing or anti-icing measures in place.

#香港國際航空學院 #機長廣播 #機長 #機師 #風雪

02/02/2026

【尋路記 – 輕鬆轉「航」「賺住學 學住做」】

許多人都擔心轉行要從頭開始因而卻步。香港國際航空學院的「航空營運文憑」可以助你輕鬆轉換「航」道 。

學院的「賺住學，學住做」課程打破傳統的讀書模式推行，實行1個月理論課堂 + 12個月有薪實習，助學員快速入行，掌握行業情況。如果你對學費有顧慮，此課程既能讓學員累積經驗，並在就讀期間減輕財政負擔。

實習範疇涵蓋廣泛，適合不同類型人士，無論你是外向、內向或是喜歡身體力行，總有一「範」適合你。

飛機工程、地勤服務、停機坪運作、貨運、配餐、保安及航空發展，是你職業生涯的全新起點！

✈️ 外向型：喜歡與人交流，人際技巧佳，客戶/地勤服務及停機坪/飛行運作適合你
🌟 客戶/地勤服務 - 工作範疇由櫃枱辦理登機報到、行李託運，到登機閘口檢查證件、登機廣播等等，每日與來自世界各地的旅客互動
🌟 停機坪/飛行運作 - 確保機場運作暢順，協調多方面飛行準備工作，包括停機坪日常運作、航班協調、安全程序預備工作、調控航機平衡、督導行李貨物裝卸，需有良好團隊精神同應變能力

✈️ 身體力行型：行動派—喜歡按照計劃行事及執行具體任務，飛機工作適合你
🌟 飛機工程 – 飛機維修員需跟從手冊為飛機進行檢查及維修，每項工作都需要專注細節，才可以確保飛機性能安全

✈️ 內向型：害羞內斂喜歡文書工作，航空貨運適合你
🌟 航空貨運 - 需負責處理多種文書工作，例如貨運出入口文件、特別貨物清關文件等，亦需與不同部門同機構協調，令貨物可以順利出境及入境

有意繼續進修的學員，更可透過學院完善的升學階梯，用大約五年時間，就可以取得學士學位。

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🔗課程傳送門：https://bit.ly/4r5HV3z

【Chart Your Course: Seamless Transition with "Learn, Earn and Work"】

Considering a career change but hesitant to start from scratch? The HKIAA Diploma in Aviation Operations (DAO) offers a strategic pathway to transition your career into the aviation industry with confidence.

Moving beyond traditional academic models, our " Learn, Earn and Work " curriculum features one month of theoretical classroom training followed by a 12-month paid industry placement. If you have tuition cost concern, this structured approach allows students to gain immediate industry entry and acquire essential operational insights while balancing their financial commitments.

Our extensive range of placements is designed to accommodate various professional strengths. Whether you are extroverted, introverted, or a practical, hands-on learner, there is a specialized track for you.

Embark on a new professional chapter in fields such as aircraft engineering, customer / ground handling services, ramp / flight operations services, air cargo, airline catering, aviation security, and aviation development.

✈️ Extroverted: Ideal for those with strong communication skills and a passion for service
🌟 Customer / Ground Handling Services: Manage the passenger journey from check-in and baggage drop to boarding gate operations and announcements, interacting daily with a global clientele
🌟 Ramp / Flight Operations Services: Ensure seamless airport efficiency by coordinating flight dispatch, safety procedures, aircraft weight and balance, and supervising ground handling teams. This role requires exceptional teamwork and crisis management skills

✈️ Practical, hands-on learner: Ideal for detail-oriented individuals who thrive in structured, hands-on environments
🌟 Aircraft Engineering: Perform critical inspections and maintenance in strict accordance with safety manuals. Precision and focus are paramount to ensuring the airworthiness of every aircraft

✈️ Introverted: Ideal for organized individuals who prefer administrative precision
🌟 Air Cargo: Oversee the complex documentation required for international imports and exports, including special cargo clearance. Coordinate across multiple stakeholders to ensure the efficient global flow of goods

Looking to take your studies further? With our structured study path, you can work your way up to a Bachelor’s degree in just about five years

🔗Ready to take off? Join our online info session to find out more: https://bit.ly/4baOjC2
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資歷名冊登記號碼 Qualifications Register (QR) number: 20/000009/L3
資歷名冊登記有效日期 Qualifications Register (QR) number validity: 12/12/2019 – 31/07/2026

#香港國際航空學院 #航空 #航空業 #航空營運文憑 #工作實習 #航空工作 #機場 #機場工作 #升學 #揾工

26/01/2026

【 #機長廣播：飛行前的燃油規劃】

飛機加油的判斷標準是什麼？正確答案是除了根據飛行計劃的精密計算，更是由國際民航組織 (ICAO) 和各國民航局制定的法定要求。

機師會根據飛行計劃計算整個航程需要的油量，當中涵蓋飛機起飛和降落滑行的油量（Taxi Fuel）、航程中所需要的油量（Trip fuel）、包括爬升、巡航和下降階段。不過真實飛行情況往往會有變化，單靠航程油量並不足夠。根據規定，在飛行計劃中的油量必須加入航程油量最少5%的備份油量（Contingency Fuel）以應對天氣變化或飛行情況的隨時變化；另外，亦需要有備降油量（Alternate Fuel）以應付轉降其他機場的時候所需。最後同樣是強制性要求的最後儲備油量(Final Reserve Fuel) ，規定即使飛機在飛抵目的地機場後，仍需保持一定的油量，以便在特定高度和空速下等待至少30分鐘。

以上的油量計算是每個航程必須要包括在內的，但機長可根據過往飛行經驗或對目的地機場的熟悉情況而要求加入額外油量（Extra Fuel），用於航班抵達時會有機會出現的航空管制，飛機需要在空中盤旋等待降落等情況。

機長提提你：選擇節能減碳的航班，以減少碳足跡，為環保盡一份力。

【 : Fuel Planning Before Take-off】

How can you determine if an aeroplane has been sufficiently refuelled? The answer is precise calculations based on the flight plan and it is also governed by legal requirements set forth by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the civil aviation authorities of various countries.

Pilots calculate the amount of fuel required for the entire flight based on the flight plan, which includes fuel needed for taxiing from take-off to landing (Taxi Fuel), as well as the fuel required during the trip (Trip Fuel), covering the climb, cruise, and descent phases. However, actual flight conditions often vary, and relying solely on route fuel is insufficient. According to regulations, the fuel required in the flight plan must include at least 5% Contingency Fuel reserve to account for various weather changes or actual flight conditions. Additionally, Alternate Fuel is needed to accommodate the possibility of diverting to another airport due to unexpected weather changes. Finally, there is the Final Reserve Fuel, which is a mandatory requirement. Even after the aircraft arrives at the destination airport, a specific amount of fuel must be maintained to ensure at least 30 minutes of holding at a designated altitude and airspeed.

The above fuel calculations must be included for every flight, but the captain may request Extra Fuel based on past flight experience or familiarity with the destination airport, to account for potential air traffic control delays upon arrival or situations where the aircraft may need to circle before landing.

Captain's Reminder: Choose energy-efficient and low-carbon flights to reduce your carbon footprint and contribute to environmental protection.

#香港國際航空學院 #機長廣播 #機長 #機師 #燃油 #燃油規劃