19/11/2023
AGA Clinical Practice Update on the Use of Vasoactive Drugs and Intravenous Albumin in Cirrhosis: Expert Review
Best Practice Advice Statements
Best Practice Advice 1
Vasoactive drugs should be initiated as soon as the diagnosis of variceal hemorrhage is suspected or confirmed, preferably before diagnostic and/or therapeutic endoscopy.
Best Practice Advice 2
After initial endoscopic hemostasis, vasoactive drugs should be continued for 2–5 days to prevent early rebleeding.
Best Practice Advice 3
Octreotide is the vasoactive drug of choice in the management of variceal hemorrhage based on its safety profile.
Best Practice Advice 4
IV albumin should be administered at the time of large-volume (>5 L) paracentesis.
Best Practice Advice 5
IV albumin may be considered in patients with SBP.
Best Practice Advice 6
Albumin should not be used in patients (hospitalized or not) with cirrhosis and uncomplicated ascites.
Best Practice Advice 7
Vasoconstrictors should not be used in the management of uncomplicated ascites, after large-volume paracentesis or in patients with SBP.
Best Practice Advice 8
IV albumin is the volume expander of choice in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and ascites presenting with AKI.
Best Practice Advice 9
Vasoactive drugs (eg, terlipressin, norepinephrine, and combination of octreotide and midodrine) should be used in the treatment of HRS-AKI, but not in other forms of AKI in cirrhosis.
Best Practice Advice 10
Terlipressin is the vasoactive drug of choice in the treatment of HRS-AKI and use of concurrent albumin can be considered when accounting for patient’s volume status.
Best Practice Advice 11
Terlipressin treatment does not require intensive care unit monitoring and can be administered intravenously through a peripheral line.
Best Practice Advice 12
Terlipressin use is contraindicated in patients with hypoxemia and in patients with ongoing coronary, peripheral, or mesenteric ischemia, and should be used with caution in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure grade 3. The benefits may not outweigh the risks in patients with serum creatinine >5 mg/dL and in patients listed for transplantation with a Model for End-stage Liver Disease ≥35.
Link for full text :
https://www.gastrojournal.org/action/showPdf?pii=S0016-5085%2823%2905143-0