29/10/2026
Welcome back to another installment of Rebuilding Medieval Bath! This week, we’re talking about the star of Bath, both in the past and in the present…the great Abbey that sits in the center of the city. Known officially as The Abbey Church of St. Peter and St. Paul, there has been a church on this site for more than a thousand years. Because there is so much history to cover, I’m covering the Bath Abbey in two parts. The second part will be posted next week, so stay tuned!
In the 7th century, in approximately 675 CE, Osiric, the King of Hwicce, granted the Abbess Berta 100 hides (an archaic unit of land meant to represent the amount of land sufficient to support a household) to establish a convent on the site of the Abbey. This monastery was captured by King Offa of the nearby kingdom of Mercia and rebuilt. Very little is known of what this iteration of the church may have looked like. In 973 CE, King Edgar the Peaceful chose the site for his coronation, where he became the first king of “All England.” He encouraged the monks at the abbey to adopt the Rule of St. Benedict. The Abbey would remain a Benedictine Monastery until the Dissolution of the Monasteries by King Henry VIII.
Bath became a center of immense conflict during the power struggle between the sons of the Norman William the Conqueror after his death. When William II Rufus succeeded, he granted the city of Bath to John of Tours. As I briefly mentioned last week, John of Tours became the Bishop of Wells and the Abbot of Bath. In 1090 CE, he transferred the seat of the bishopric to Bath Abbey from Wells, becoming the first Bishop of Bath and raising the Abbey to cathedral status.
With the elevation of status, John of Tours felt it necessary to build a larger, more elaborate building. He planned a new, massive cathedral on the site of the Anglo-Saxon Abbey. The building experienced setbacks after a fire devastated the half-finished structure; however, it was ultimately finished between 1148 and 1161 CE, measuring 101 meters long.
Next week: The demolition of the structure, the construction of the new Abbey, Henry VIII, and the restoration of the Abbey!
Til next time, fare thee as well as I fare.