02/06/2019
To mark the 50th anniversary of Shirley Chisholm’s historic entry into the U.S. House of Representatives, her oath of office and a record from her service on the House Rules Committee are now on display at the National Archives Museum through April 9, 2019.
When Shirley Chisholm took her oath of office on January 21, 1969, she was the only new woman to enter Congress that term and just one of nine African American members in the House of Representatives.
As a freshman member, Chisholm did not hesitate to speak up and—when needed—make herself heard. As a Representative for Brooklyn, New York, she vigorously appealed her appointment to the Committee on Agriculture and persisted until she was reassigned to the Veterans Affairs Committee. She accepted the change, remarking “there are a lot more veterans in my district than trees.”
In 1972, she was also the first woman and the first African American to seek the Democratic Presidential nomination as well as a founding member of the Congressional Black Caucus in 1971.
In 1977, Shirley Chisholm made history again when she became the first black woman and second woman ever to serve on the powerful House Rules Committee, which sets the conditions for debating legislative bills on the floor of the House of Representatives.
In the August 3, 1978, minutes from the committee’s hearing on proposed legislation to extend the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) ratification deadline to June 30, 1982, Chisholm expressed her support for the amendment. The next day, she introduced a bill calling for a vote on the ERA deadline extension legislation, which ultimately passed Congress on October 6. The ERA remains unratified.
During her seven congressional terms, “Fighting Shirley” was an outspoken champion for economic justice and racial and gender equality. Shirley Chisholm died on January 1, 2005, at age 80.
This Featured Document is made possible in part by the National Archives Foundation, through the generous support of The Boeing Company
Photo: Shirley Chisholm, shortly after her election to Congress in 1968. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/7452354